CLIMATE of INDIA - Indian Geography KAS

 CLIMATE of INDIA - Indian Geography KAS

INDIA : CLIMATE

Broadly, the major seasons recognised in India are:

• Cold Weather Season (Winter) December to

February

• Hot Weather Season (Summer) March to May

• Southwest Monsoon Season (Rainy)June to September

• Season of Retreating Monsoon (Autumn) October

and November

COLD WEATHER SEASON OR WINTER

During the winter season, the sun rays do not fall directly in the region. 

As a result the temperatures are quite low in northern India.

HOT WEATHER SEASON OR SUMMER

In the hot weather season sun rays more or less directly fall in this region. 

Temperature becomes very high.

Hot and dry winds called loo, blow during the day.

SOUTH WEST MONSOON SEASON OR RAINY SEASON

This season is marked by the onset and advance of monsoon. 

The winds blow from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal towards the land. They carry moisture with them. When these winds strike the mountain barriers, rainfall occurs.

 

SEASON OF RETREATING MONSOONS OR AUTUMN

Winds move back from the mainland to the Bay of Bengal. 

This is the season of the retreating monsoons.

The southern parts of India, particularly Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh receive rainfall in this season.

climate

However, the climate is about the average weather condition, which have been measured over many years.

The climate of India has broadly been described as Monsoon type.  

 Monsoon

Monsoon is taken from the Arabic word ‘mausim’, which means seasons. 

Due to India’s location in the tropical region, most of the rain is brought by monsoon winds.

 Agriculture in India is dependent on rains. Good monsoons mean adequate rain and a bountiful crop.

The climate of a place is affected by its location, altitude, distance from the sea, and relief. 

Therefore, we experience regional differences in the climate of India. 

Jaisalmer and Bikaner in the desert of Rajasthan are very hot, while Drass and Kargil in Jammu and Kashmir are freezing cold. 

Coastal places like Mumbai and Kolkata experience moderate climate. They are neither too hot nor too cold. 

Being on the coast, these places are very humid.

Mawsynram in Meghalaya receives the world’s highest rainfall, while in a particular year it might not rain at all in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan.