Indian Geography MCQ|Geography of India Questions and Answers
1. Which of the following statements are correct?
1. Assam shares a border with Bangladesh and Bhutan.
2. West Bengal shares a border with Bhutan and Nepal.
3. Meghalaya shares a border with Bangladesh and Myanmar.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3
2. The Himalayan range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?
(a) It has high rainfall that supports luxuriant vegetative growth
(b) It is a confluence of different bio-geographical
zones.
(c) Exotic and invasive species have not been introduced in this region.
(d) It has less human interference.
3. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(a) Bauxite – Rajasthan
(b) Copper – Madhya Pradesh
(c) Iron ore – Uttar Pradesh
(d) Mica – Jharkhand
4. Which of the following factors are responsible for the rapid growth of sugar production in south India as compared to north India?
1. Higher per acre field of sugarcane
2. Higher sucrose content of sugarcane
3. Lower labour cost
4. Longer crushing period
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4
5. Which one of the following is the correct descending order of the three most populous states of India (2011)?
(a) Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar
(b) Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal
(c) Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal
(d) Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar
6. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(Tribe) (State)
A. Lepcha 1. Madhya Pradesh
B. Malpaharia 2. Rajasthan
C. Gond 3. Sikkim
D. Bhill 4. Jharkhand
Codes :
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 1 4 3 2
7. Which one of the following statements is true?
(a) The Tungabhadra Project serves the states of Kerla and Tamil Nadu.
(b) The Kundoh Project lies in Karnataka.
(c) The Salal Project serves the states of Himachal Pradesh.
(d) The Sharavathy Project is located at the Jog falls.
8. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): There has been some decline
in the growth rate of India’s population in recent years.
Reason (R): According to 2011 census,
about 3/4 of Indian’s population is literate.
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
9. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(Atomic power plant) (State)
A. Kalpakkam 1. Gujarat
B. Kakrapar 2. Karnataka
C. Kaiga 3. Rajasthan
D. Rawatbhata 4. Tamil Nadu
Codes:
(a) 3 1 4 2
(b) 4 123
(c) 1243
(d) 4321
10. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(Soil) (State)
(a) Alluvial — Uttar Pradesh
(b) Regur — Maharashtra
(c) Laterite — Punjab
(d) Red and yellow — Chhattisgarh
11. Golden Quadrilateral Project is
(a) Conversion of meter gauge into broad gauge.
(b) Construction of four lane highways joining four metropolises of India.
(c) Joining of four important rivers of north India and south India.
(d) Joining of four important cities of India with air transport.
12. Which one of the following statements is not correct about laterite soils in India?
(a) These soils were first studied by Buchanan.
(b) These are the typical soils of the tropical areas with reasonal rainfall.
(c) These soils are poor in iron but rich in nitrogen.
(d) These are well developed on the summits of the Sahyadris and Eastern Ghats.
13. Which one of following statements is not correct?
(a) Konyak language is the language of Nagaland.
(b) The largest river island is the world is in Assam.
(c) Arunachal Pradesh has the least density of population in India.
(d) The biggest desert of the world is in India.
14. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(Biosphere reserve) (State)
A. Agasthyamalai 1. Arunachal Pradesh
B. Dibru-Saikhowa 2. Meghalaya
C. Dihong Dibang 3. Kerala
D. Nokrek 4. Assam
Codes:
(a) 1342
(b) 4213
(c) 3124
(d) 3412
15. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): In South India, semi arid steppe
climate is found in parts of Karnataka plateau.
Reason (R): It lies in rain shadow area of
Sahyadris.
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
16. Which of the following are not the examples of shifting cultivation?
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1. Ladang 2. Jhum
3. Pondu 4. Fazenda
Codes:
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2, and 3 (d) 2 and 4
17. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(Tributary) (Rivers)
A. Chambal 1. Narmada
B. Sone 2. Yamuna
C. Manas 3. Brahmaputra
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 only
18. Consider the following areas of forests:
1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands forests.
2. Ilambur tract of Kerala.
3. Low outorop of Garo and Khasi hills.
4. Mikir hills upto 1000 metres.
Which of the above areas have tropical wet evergreen forests?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
19. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
National Park — State
(a) Kanha National Park — Madhya
Pradesh
(b) Sultanpur National park — Haryana
(c) Ranthambore National park — Gujarat
(d) Bandipur National Park — Karnataka
20. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(Hill resorts) (State)
A. Dalhousie 1. Jammu and Kashmir
B. Darjeeling 2. Himachal Pradesh
C. Mussoorie 3. West Bengal
D. Pahalgam 4. Uttarakhand
Codes:
Reason (R): Cheap tribal labour is available
in abundance in Assam
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
22. Arrange the following states of India in ascending order of their areal size and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1. Andhra Pradesh 2. Madhya Pradesh
3. Maharashtra 4. Uttar Pradesh
Codes:
(a) 4, 1, 3, 2 (b) 4, 3, 1, 2
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 3, 1, 2, 4
23. Consider the following statements about south-
west monsoon.
1. It occurs from June to September
2. Its direction is north-east to south-west.
3. It gives maximum rainfall as compared to other monsoon.
4. It has no branch.
Of these statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4
24. Interior of the Deccan plateau receives an annual rainfall of less than 60 cm, mainly because
(a) It is a rain shadow zone/region.
(b) It is located parallel to wind direction.
(c) It is away from the coast.
(d) Rain-bearing clouds are absent.
25. Match the following two lists and select the codes given below:
List-I List-II
A. Coal 1. Bhandera
B. Gold 2. Karanpura
C. Mica 3. Hutti
D. Manganese 4. Nellore
(a) 2431
(b) 1324
(c) 2341
(d) 3142
21. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Assam is the largest producer of
tea in India.
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 2 1 4 3
26. Consider the following statements:
1. As per census 2011, the population growth rate of Nagaland during 2001–2011 was the lowest among the states of India.
2. As per census 2011, the population growth rate of Dadra and Nagar Haveli was the highest among the states of India/Union territory.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
27. Arrange the following states in the descending order of literacy as per census report of 2011 and select the correct answer from the codes given at the end.
1.
Kerala
2.
Manipur
3.
Tamil Nadu
4.
Himachal Pradesh
Codes:
(a) 1, 4, 3, 2
(b)
4, 1, 3, 2
(c) 2, 4, 1, 3
(d)
1, 2, 3, 4
28. A state in India has the following characteristics:
1. It northern part is arid and semiarid.
2. Its central part produces cotton.
3. Cultivation of cash crops is predominant over food crops.
Which one of the following states has all of the above characteristics?
(a) Andhra Pradesh (b) Gujarat
(c) Karnataka (d) Tamil Nadu
29. As per geological periods the correct sequence of order of the following is
1. Aravalli 2. Himalayas
3. Deccan plateau 4. Eastern Ghat
Codes:
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 4, 3, 2, 1
(c) 1, 4, 3, 2 (d) 2, 1, 4, 3
30. Which of the following reasons is responsible for the protests against the Tehri Dam Project?
(a) The vulnerability of the dam region to earthquakes.
(b) The environmental distance caused by the project.
(c) The problem of displacement of the local people.
(d) All of the above
31. Arrange the following languages in decreasing order of their speakers in India.
(a) Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu.
(b) Urdu, Tamil, Marathi, Telugu, Bengali, Hindi.
(c) Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Urdu, Telugu, Tamil.
(d) Hindi, Tamil Telugu, Marathi, Bengali, Urdu.
32. Which one of the following statements is not correct regarding tank irrigation in peninsular India?
(a) Percolation of rainwater is less due to hard rock.
(b) Most of the rivers are seasonal and dry up in summer reason.
(c) Underground water level is higher
(d) Rainwater can be easily stored by constructing tanks.
33. Examine the following statements and select the correct answer using the codes given below:
1. Rihand Dam is on a tributary of the Son river.
2. Hirakund Dam is on the Mahanadi river.
3. Tungabhadra Project is a joint venture of the Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states.
4. Kosi is known as the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’.
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
(b) 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
(c) 1, 3 and 4 are correct.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.
34. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): India enjoys tropical monsoon
climate.
Reason (R): India is located within the
tropics.
Select the correct answer from the following codes:
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
35. Arrange the following mountain ranges from north to south order and select the correct answer from the codes:
1. Dholadhar
2. Ladakh
3. Pirpanjal
4. Zaskar
Codes:
(a) 2, 4, 1, 3 (b) 4, 2, 1, 3
(c) 2, 4, 3, 1 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1
39. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
List-I List-II
A. Vikram Sarabhai 1. Bangalore Space Centre
B. SHAR Centre 2. Thumba
C. Space Application 3. Sri Harikota Centre
D. ISRO Satellite 4. Ahmedabad Centre
36. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
A
B
C
D
List-I List-II
(a) 1
2
3
4
A. Valley town 1. Mussoorie
(b) 2
3
4
1
B. Confluence town 2. Rishikesh
(c) 2
3
1
4
C. Gate town 3. Tehri
(d) 3
2
4
1
D. Ridge town 4. Dehradun
Codes:
A B C D (a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 2 4 3 1
37. Consider the following specific stages of demographic transition associated with economic development:
1. Low birth rate with low death rate.
2. High birth rate with high death rate.
3. High birth rate with low death rate.
Select the correct order of the above stages using the codes given below:
Codes:
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3
(c) 2, 3, 1 (d) 3, 2, 1
38. Which one of the following years is known as the ‘Year of the Great Divide’ with regard to population, after which there has been a continuous and rapid growth in India’s population?
(a) 1911
(b) 1921
(c) 1941
(d) 1951
40. Consider the following statements:
1. In India, natural rubber is produced in southern India only.
2. Among the coffee growing states of India, the lowest average yield per hectare of plucked coffee is in Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
41. Among the following states, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with minimum cost of production and can develop an export oriented industry in this field?
(a) Goa
(b) U.P.
(c) M.P
(d) Arunachal Pradesh
42. Which of the following shows the correct geographical spread of the plateaus?
1. Chota Nagpur Plateau – much of Jharkhand, West Bengal and adjacent parts of Orissa, Bihar and Chhattisgarh.
2. Deccan Plateau – Vindhyas to the north and
flanked by the Eastern and Western Ghats.
3. Malwa Plateau – Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
4. Malwa Plateau – Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Gujarat.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3
43. Which of the following shows the correct match of India’s natural resource with their world-wide production rank?
(a) Rank 1 - barites and chromites; Rank 2 - iron ore; Rank 3 - mica blocks and mica splitting;
Rank 4 - coal; Rank 5 - bauxite and crude steel
(b) Rank 1 - bauxite and crude steel; Rank 2 - mica blocks and mica splitting; Rank 3 - coal; Rank 4 - barites and chromites; Rank 5 - iron ore
(c) Rank 1 - coal; Rank 2 - mica blocks and mica splitting; Rank 3 - iron ore; Rank 4 - bauxite and crude steel; Rank 5 - barites and chromites
(d) Rank 1 - mica blocks and mica splitting; Rank 2 - barites and chromites; Rank 3 - coal; Rank 4 - iron ore; Rank 5 - bauxite and crude steel
44. Which of the following statements about alluvial soils of India are correct?
1. These are mostly clay soils and form deep cracks during dry season.
2. Usually they are very productive soils.
3. These soils occur at high elevations as well as at low elevations.
4. Many of these soils are deficient in nitrogen,
humus and phosphorus.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3
45. Which of the following are aims of scientific deep drilling project in the Koyna intra-plate seismic zone?
1. To provide an opportunity to understand the mechanism of reservoir-triggered earthquakes.
2. To develop measures to prevent earthquake in a stable continental region.
3. To give insights into Deccan volcanism.
4. To provide insights into the mass extinction, thermal structure and state of stress in the lithosphere and geothermal potential of the West Coast Belt as well as the geothermal record of climate change in the region.
Select the answer from the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2, and 3 (b) 2, 3, and 4
(c) 1, 3, and 4 (d) All of the above
46. Which of the following National Park’s uniqueness lies in its man-made lakes and ancient reservoirs, which have merged into the natural system as vital sources of water? It also has a large populaton of panthers, the second largest predators of the forest.
(a) Ranthambore National Park
(b) Bandavgarh National Park
(c) Bharatpur National Park
(d) Kanha National Park
47. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below.
List-I List-II
(Lakes) (States)
A. Loktak 1. Maharashtra
B. Pulicut 2. Jammu-Kashmir
C. Lonar 3. Tamil Nadu
D. Wular 4. Manipur
Codes:
A B C D (a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 1 4 3 2
48. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below the Lists:
List-I List-II
(Tribes) (States)
A. Oraon 1. Kerala
B. Khond 2. Gujarat
C. Chenchu 3. Jharkhand
D. Todai 4. Odisha
Codes:
A B C D (a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 2 1 3 4
49. Consider the following statements and choose the correct codes given below:
1. Jhum cultivation is adopted in North-Eastern
State of India.
2. Jhum cultivation is a process of afforestation.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
50. Which one among the following is the correct sequence of the rivers from north to south?
(a) Damodar-Brahmani-Mahanadi-Tungabhadra
(b) Damodar-Mahanadi-Brahmani- Tungabhadra
(c) Brahmani-Tungabhadra-Damodar- Mahanadi
(d) Damodar-Brahmani-Tungabhadra- Mahanadi
Answers with Explanations
1. (b) Meghalaya shares border only with Bangladesh.
2. (b) It is a confluence of different biographical zones.
3. (d) Mica–Jharkhand. Jharkhand is large producer of mica. Jharkhand has richest mica belt and accounts for 60% of India’s production in terms of value. Here, mica is found in a belt extending for about 150 km in length and 32 km in width from Gaya district of Bihar to Hazaribagh and Kodarma districts of Jharkhand. Kodarma is a well- known place for mica production in Jharkhand which produces more than 50% of the total mica production in India.
5. (a) Reference-Census 2011
U.P., Maharashtra, Bihar
6. (b) Lepcha – Sikkim Malpaharia – Jharkhand Gond – Rajasthan
Bhill – Madhya Pradesh
7. (d) The Sharavathi Project is located at the Jog falls. The Sharavathi Hydro Electric Project is today the backbone of Karnataka’s power generating arsenal. The Sharavathi Generating Station with its 10 units has an installed capacity of 1035 MW and the Linganamakki Dam Powerhouse with 2 units has an installed capacity of 55 MW. To further tap the potential of the Sharavathi river, KPCL has installed at the Gerusoppa Dam Project, four generating units of 60 MW each, totalling to 240 MW.
8. (a) Because India’s 73% population is literate so we can say the growth of Indian population has been decline in recent years.
9. (b) Kalpakkam–Tamil Nadu. Madras Atomic Power Station is located at Kalpakkam. It has a comprehensive nuclear power production, fuel reprocessing, and waste treatment facility that includes plutonium fuel fabrication for fast breeder reactors (FBRs). It is also India’s first fully indigenously constructed nuclear power station. It has two units of 220 MW capacity each.
Kakrapar – Gujarat. The Kakrapar Atomic Power Station is a nuclear power station in India, which lies in the proximity of the city of Surat in the state of Gujarat. It consists of two 220 MW pressurized water reactors with heavy water as moderator.
Kaiga – Karnataka. Kaiga generating station is a nuclear power generating station situated at Kaiga, near the river Kali, in Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka, India. The plant has been in operation since March 2000 and is operated by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India. It has four units. On 27 November 2010, the Kaiga Atomic Power Station unit 4 of 220 MW capacity became operational
Rawatbhata – Rajasthan. The Rajasthan Atomic Power Station in India is located about 65 kilometres from Kota by way of the Chambal river, approximately 3 kilometres above the dam that holds the Rana Pratap Sagar lake.
10. (c) Hint: Laterite soils prevalent and easy to found in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, etc. in India.
11. (b) Construction of four lane highways joining four metropolises of India. The overall length of the quadrilateral is 5,846 km consisting of four / six lane express highways. The project was estimated to cost INR 600 bn ($13.2bn) but was completed at about half of the estimated costs, at INR 308.58 bn. The whole length of the quadrilateral was operational by January 2012.
12. (c) These soils are poor in iron and rich in nitrogen. Hint: Literite soils are rich in iron and poor in nitrogen.
13. (d) The biggest desert of world is in India. Hint: Biggest desert of the world is in Africa.
14. (d) Agasthyamalai – Kerala. The Agasthyamalai hills also called the Ashambu hills, lie at the extreme southern end of the Western Ghat mountain range along the western side of South India. There are at least 26 peaks over 1,600 metres among these hills.
Dibru-saikhowa – Assam. Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is a national wildlife park in Tinsukia, Assam, India. Dibru-Saikhowa national park is located at about 12 km north of Tinsukia town of Assam covering an area of 350 km2.
Dihang-Dibang – Arunachal Pradesh. Dihang- Dibang or Dehang-Debang is a biosphere reserve constituted under the Man & Biosphere Programme. It is in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
Nokrek – Meghalaya. Nokrek National Park, or Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, is a national park located approximately 2 km from Tura Peak in West Garo Hills district of Meghalaya, India. UNESCO added this national park to its list of Biosphere Reserves in May 2009.
15. (a) Hint: Due to rain shadow area of Sahyadri, the regions between Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh have become semi-arid.
16. (c) Ladang, Jhum and Pondu are the examples of shifting cultivation. Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which a person uses a piece of land, only to abandon or alter the initial use a short time later.
This system often involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming until the soil loses fertility.
Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
This system of agriculture is often practised at the level of an individual or family, but sometimes may involve an entire village.
17. (d) Manas is a tributary of Brahmaputra and Chambal and Son are tributary of Yamuna and Ganga respectively.
19. (c) Ranthambore National Park is in Rajasthan. Ranthambore was established as the Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary in 1955 by the Government of India and was declared one of the Project Tiger reserves in 1973. Ranthambore became a national park in 1980. In 1984, the adjacent forests were declared the Sawai Man Singh Sanctuary and Keladevi Sanctuary.Ranthambore Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its tigers and is one of the best places in India to see these majestic predators in the jungle. Tigers can be asily spotted even during the daytime.
20. (c) Dalhousie – Himachal Pradesh Darjeeling – West Bengal Mussoorie – Uttarakhand Pahalgam – Jammu and Kashmir
All these are the names of famous hill stations located in these states respectively.
21. (a) Assam tea is a black tea named after the region of its production, Assam, in India. Assam tea is manufactured specifically from the plant Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Masters).
22. (a) Arranged their real size in ascending order –
U.P. – Andhra Pradesh – Maharashtra – Madhya Pradesh.
23. (b) South west monsoon occurs from June to September and gives maximum rainfall as compared to other monsoon. Its direction is south-west.
24. (a) It is a rain shadow zone. A rain shadow is an area of dry land on the leeward side of a mountain.
25. (d) Coal – Karanpura.
Gold – Bhander.
Mica – Nellore Manganese – Hutti
All these are names of mines of different minerals in different places in India.
26. (c) Reference-Census 2011. Final data.
27. (a) Descending order of literacy census report of 2011 – Kerala – Himachal Pradesh – Tamil Nadu – Manipur.
28. (b) Gujarat. The total geographical area of Gujarat is 19,602,400 hectares, of which crops take up 10,630,700 hectares. The three main sources of growth in Gujarat’s agriculture are from cotton production, the rapid growth of high-value foods such as livestock, fruits and vegetables, and from wheat production, which saw an annual average growth rate of 28% between 2000 and 2008.
29. (c) Aravalli – Eastern Ghat – Deccan plateau – Himalaya.
31. (a) Hindi–Bengali–Telugu–Marathi–Tamil–Urdu.
32. (c) Underground water level is less in peninsular region of India and high in north region of India.
34. (c) India is located in the middle of tropic of cancer.
35. (c) North to South – Ladakh – Zaskar – Pirpanjal
– Dholadhar
36. (c) Valley town – Dehradun. Dehradun, a capital city of Uttarakhand situated in the northern part of India. Dehradun is called a beautiful town that is located in the Doon Valley surrounded by the Shivalik hills, a mountain range of the outer Himalayas. The Doon city is world famous for its natural scenic beauty, which includes some visually attractive landscapes and enjoyable climate.
Confluence town – Tehri. Tehri is a beautiful town in the state of Uttarakhand. It is also known as the municipal board of Tehri Garhwal District in Uttarakhand. It is one of the largest districts in Uttarakhand. It is considered as one of the holiest places of the state as it has numerous temples and is located at the confluence of the holy rivers, Ganga and Yamuna.
Gate town – Rishikesh. Rishikesh is called the main gate to heaven as the most holy Char Dham Yatra as specified in Hindu mythology begins from here. The buses and taxies are available at Rishikesh for this Yatra of Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri. Rishikesh is a small town, having population of around 80,000 people. It is located very close to Haridwar at a distance of around 15 miles.
Ridge town – Mussoorie. Located on a 15 km long horseshoe ridge with the grand Himalayas as a backdrop, the colonial hill resort of Mussoorie spreads across at a height of 2,005.5 m above sea level. From this vantage point, Mussoorie offers superb scenic view of peaks of the Himalayas in western Garhwal.
38. (b) ‘1921’ is the year of great divide. The year 1921 is taken as the demographic divide for the reason that before this year, the population was not stable, sometimes it increased and at other times it decreased. The growth rate of population was generally low before 1921. But after this year, there has been considerable and continuous increase in the population.
39. (b) Vikram Sarabhai space centre – Thumba SHAR – Sri Harikota
Space application centre – Ahmedabad
ISRO Satellite Centre – Bangalore All these are names of space centers in different places of India, respectively.
40. (a) During 2012-13, India produced 912,200 tons of rubber registering 0.9% rise over the previous financial year.
41. (d) Arunachal Pradesh. Arunachal is endowed with rich variety of orchids found in almost all parts of the state. Number of them are ornamentals with exquisite beauty. The Orchid Society of India (established in 1984) decided to open regional chapters to spread the message of conservation and promotion of orchids throughout the country. The chapter for Arunachal, Assam and Tripura was entrusted to Dr. S. N. Hegde, Orchidologist.
42. (b) The correct geographical spread of the plateaus is as follows:
1. Chota Nagpur Plateau - Jharkhand and adjacent
parts of Odisha, Bihar and Chhattisgarh.
2. Deccan Plateau - Vindhyas to the north and flanked by the Eastern and Western Ghats.
3. Malwa Plateau - Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
and Gujarat.
43. (d) India is the world’s biggest producer of mica blocks and mica splittings. India ranks second amongst the world’s largest producers of barites and chromites. India is the third-largest coal producer in the world and ranks fourth in the production of iron ore. It is the fifth-largest producer of bauxite and crude steel.
44. (b) Alluvial soils occur along rivers and represent the soil materials that have been deposited by the rivers during flood. Usually they are very productive soils but many are deficient in nitrogen, humus and phosphorus.
Black soils are mostly clay soils and form deep cracks during dry season. An accumulation of lime is generally noticed of varying depths. They are popularly known as “Black cotton soils” because of their dark brown colour and suitability for growing cotton. These are also known as Indian regurs. These soils are deficient in nitrogen, phosphoric acid and organic matter but rich in calcium, potash and magnesium
45. (c) The objective of the project is to undertake the investigations of 6-8 kilometers in a deep borehole in the Koyna-Warna region of Maharashtra. For past five decade, the earthquakes have been occurring in the restricted area of 20×30 square kilometer, which includes the earthquake of magnitude of 6.3 in December 1967. Koyna–Warna area is the best site in the world, which acts as a natural laboratory to study reservoir-triggered earthquakes. A research laboratory will be set up at Karad as a part of the project, which will serve as the operational center for carrying out the research activities related to seismic, deep drilling, borehole investigations, core analysis and research in associated fields.
46. (a) The Ranthambore National Park, set against the backdrop of the historic 1000-year-old Ranthambore Fort, lies in the area where the ancient ranges of the Vindhyas’ flat-topped hills merge with the sharp ridges of the Aravalis. Ranthambore also has a large populaton of panthers, the second largest predators of the forest. Marsh Crocodiles abound in the lakes and Gharial can be spotted close by in the Chambal River, which also harbors the Gangetic Dolphin. An open jeep safari also affords a glimpse of the spectacular ruins of mosques, tombs, watchtowers and palaces scattered within the park.
50. (a) Damodar (West Bengal, Bihar), Brahamani (Jharkhand), Mahanadi (Odisha), Tungabhadra (Andhra Pradesh) and Karnataka.
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